Umhla:Dec-31-2024
Kwimeko eguqukayo ngokukhawuleza yamandla avuselelekayo, iinkqubo ze-photovoltaic zelanga zibonisa umda obalulekileyo wokuvelisa umbane ozinzileyo, efuna iindlela zokukhusela zombane.Izikhuseli zokunyuka kwe-DCzivela njengabagcini ababalulekileyo kolu fakelo luphucukileyo lwelanga, lubonelela ngokhuselo olubanzi ngokuchasene nokutshintsha kombane okunokonakalisa kunye nokungahambi kakuhle kwamandla ombane. Ilungiselelwe ngokukodwa imo ye-DC enevoltage ephezulu eqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo ze-solar PV, ezi zixhobo zikhethekileyo zokukhusela i-surge (SPDs) zikhusela amalungu abuthathaka elanga, ii-inverters, iinkqubo zokubeka iliso, kunye neziseko zombane ezibalulekileyo ekuphazamisekeni kombane okungalindelekanga. Isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwiindidi zamandla ombane ezibangwayo njenge-1000V DC, aba bakhuseli botyando bezinga eliphezulu basebenzisa itekhnoloji yokusika ukukhangela, ukunqanda, kunye nokuphambukisa amandla ombane awonakalisayo ngaphakathi kwee-microseconds. Ngokuthintela i-voltage spikes ezibangelwa kukubetha kombane, ukutshintshwa kwegridi, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, abakhuseli botyando be-DC baqinisekisa ubomi obude, ukuthembeka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zamandla elanga. Uyilo lwabo oluphucukileyo lubandakanya iindlela ezininzi zokukhusela, amandla aphezulu okufunxa amandla, kunye nolwakhiwo olomeleleyo olunokumelana neemeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo. Njengoko amandla elanga eqhubeka esanda kwihlabathi jikelele, aba bakhuseli botyando bamele isisombululo esiyimfuneko setekhnoloji, ukuvala umsantsa phakathi kweziseko zombane ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezicwangciso ezibanzi zokukhusela umbane.
Ukuhambelana koLuhlu loMbane oPhezulu
Izikhuseli zotyando lwe-DC kwiinkqubo ze-PV zelanga zenziwe ukuba zisebenze kuluhlu olubanzi lwamandla ombane, ngokwesiqhelo ukuphatha iinkqubo ukusuka kwi-600V ukuya kwi-1500V DC. Oku kuhambelana okubanzi kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olubanzi kuhlengahlengiso olwahlukeneyo lwemitha yelanga, ukusuka kwizakhiwo ezincinci zokuhlala ukuya kwiifama ezinkulu zelanga. Ukukwazi kwesixhobo ukulawula iimfuno zamandla ombane ahlukeneyo kuvumela ukudityaniswa okungenamthungo kulo lonke uyilo lwenkqubo yelanga eyahlukeneyo, ukubonelela ngeendlela zokhuseleko ezibhetyebhetye neziguquguqukayo ezinokwamkela imigangatho yobugcisa belanga kunye neenkcukacha zofakelo.
I-Surge yangoku ukumelana neCapacity
Izikhuseli zesolar ze-DC eziphucukileyo ziyilelwe ukuba zimelane namanqanaba akhoyo ngoku, ukusuka kwi-20kA ukuya kwi-40kA ngepali nganye. Lo mthamo uchukumisayo wangoku uqinisekisa ukhuseleko oluluqilima ngokuchasene nokuphazamiseka okugqithisileyo kombane, kubandakanywa ukubetha kombane ngokuthe ngqo kunye nokungathanga ngqo. Umgangatho ophezulu wokumelana namandla akhoyo ufezekiswa ngokusebenzisa amacandelo angaphakathi aphucukileyo afana ne-specialized metal oxide varistors (MOVs), iindlela zokuqhuba ezichanekileyo, kunye neenkqubo zolawulo lwe-thermal. Ngokulawula ngempumelelo amandla amakhulu ombane, aba bakhuseli botyando banqanda umonakalo wesixhobo esiyingozi kunye nokugcina imfezeko yolwakhiwo lweenkqubo zombane zePV.
Iinketho zoLungiselelo lwePoli ezininzi
Izikhuseli zeSolar DC zifumaneka kuqwalaselo olwahlukeneyo lweepali, kubandakanya i-2-pole, 3-pole, kunye noyilo lweepali ezi-4. Oku kuguquguquka kuvumela ukuhambelana ngokuchanekileyo kunye nezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zelanga kunye neemfuno zesekethe yombane. Ulungelelwaniso lweepali ezimbini luqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiisekethe ezilula ze-DC, ngelixa iipali ezi-3 kunye noyilo lweepali ezi-4 zibonelela ngokhuseleko olubanzi kuzo zonke zofakelo oluntsonkothileyo lwelanga. Iinketho ezininzi zeepali ziqinisekisa ukuba ukhuseleko lokunyuka lunokulungelelaniswa noyilo lwenkqubo ethile, ukukhusela zombini ii-conductor ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kunye nokudibanisa komhlaba.
Ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza
Aba bakhuseli botyando bakhethekileyo babonisa amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawuleza okukhawulezileyo, rhoqo ngaphantsi kwe-nanoseconds ezingama-25. Ukusabela okukhawulezileyo okunjalo kuqinisekisa ukuba amacandelo enkqubo yelanga anovakalelo akhuselwe kwizitshixo zamandla ombane ezonakalisayo ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke umonakalo onentsingiselo. Indlela yokhuseleko olukhawulezayo yombane isebenzisa itekhnoloji ephucukileyo ye-semiconductor efana neetyhubhu zokukhupha igesi kunye ne-metal oxide varistors ukuze ibone ngoko nangoko kwaye iqondise kwakhona amandla angaphezulu ombane. Olu ngenelelo lwenqanaba le-microsecond luthintela umonakalo onokuthi ubekho kwii-inverters zelanga ezibizayo, izixhobo zokubeka iliso, kunye namacandelo ahlukeneyo.
Ukuqina kokusingqongileyo
Izikhuseli zeSolar DC zokunyukazenziwe ngendlela yokuba zimelane neemeko ezigqithisileyo zokusingqongileyo, zilinganiswe ngokwemigangatho yobushushu ukusuka ku -40?C ukuya +85?C. Izivalo eziqinileyo zikhusela izinto zangaphakathi kuthuli, ukufuma, imitha ye-UV, kunye noxinzelelo lomatshini. Iingubo ezikhethekileyo ezihambelanayo kunye nemathiriyeli yepolymer ephucukileyo yongeza ukuqina, zenza ezi zixhobo zilungele umngeni wokufakelwa kwelanga ngaphandle. Amazinga aphezulu okhuseleko lokungena (IP) aqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi, ukusuka kufakelo lwasentlango ukuya kwimimandla eselunxwemeni kunye neentaba.
Izatifikethi kunye nokuThobela
Abakhuseli bomgangatho wobuchwephesha beSolar DC bavavanywa ngokuqatha kunye neenkqubo zoqinisekiso, bethobela imigangatho yamazwe aphesheya efana nale:
-IEC 61643 (imigangatho yeKhomishini yezoMbane yeHlabathi)
I-EN 50539-11 (imigangatho yaseYurophu yokhuseleko lokutyalwa kwePV)
-UL 1449 (Underwriters Laboratories imigangatho yokhuseleko)
- CE kunye TUV iziqinisekiso
Ezi ziqinisekiso ezibanzi ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesixhobo, ukuthembeka, kunye neempawu zokhuseleko, ziqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zoshishino lwezicelo zesolar photovoltaic.
Isibonisi seSimo esiBonakalayo
Izikhuseli zale mihla ze-solar ze-DC zibandakanya iitekhnoloji zokubeka iliso eziphambili ezinezalathi ezicacileyo zobume bokubonwayo. Iziboniso ze-LED zibonelela ngolwazi lwexesha langempela malunga nesimo sokusebenza, iindlela zokungaphumeleli ezinokubakho, kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla okukhusela. Ezinye iimodeli ezinobunkunkqele zibonelela ngezakhono zokubeka iliso ezikude ngonxibelelwano lwedijithali, ukwenza uvavanyo oluqhubekayo lokusebenza kokhuseleko lokutya. Ezi mpawu zokubeka iliso ziququzelela ukugcinwa okusebenzayo kwaye zinceda abasebenzisi bachonge ukuthotywa kokhuseleko olunokubakho ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke ukusilela okubalulekileyo.
Ukufunxa amandla
Izikhuseli zotyando kwiinkqubo ze-PV zelanga ziyilelwe ngokukwazi ukufunxa amandla amakhulu, ii-injoules ezilinganisiweyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimodeli ezithile, ezi zixhobo zinokufunxa amandla otyando ukusuka kwi-500 ukuya kwi-10,000 joules. Ukulinganisa okuphezulu kwejoule kubonisa amandla amakhulu okukhusela, okuvumela isixhobo ukuba simelane neziganeko ezininzi zokuqhaqha ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwayo kokukhusela. Indlela yokufunxa amandla ibandakanya izinto ezikhethekileyo ezichitha ngokukhawuleza amandla ombane njengobushushu, ukuthintela amandla atshabalalisayo ukuba asasazeke ngenkqubo yombane yelanga.
Uyilo lweModyuli kunye neCompact
Izikhuseli zeSolar DC zotyando zenziwe ngobuchule bendawo kunye nokuguquguquka kofakelo engqondweni. Izinto zabo zefom edibeneyo zenza ukuba kudityaniswe ngokungenamthungo kwiipaneli zombane zenkqubo yelanga kunye neebhodi zokuhambisa. Uyilo lwemodyuli luququzelela ukufakwa lula, ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuphuculwa kwenkqubo ngongenelelo oluncinci lobuchwephesha. Iimodeli ezininzi zixhasa ukunyuswa kukaloliwe osemgangathweni we-DIN kwaye zibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonxibelelwano, ziqinisekisa ukuhambelana nolwakhiwo lwelanga olwahlukeneyo. Uyilo oludityanisiweyo lukwanciphisa unyawo lwenkqubo iyonke, uqwalaselo olubalulekileyo kufakelo lwelanga olunyanzelwa sisithuba. Ubuchwephesha bokuvelisa obukwinqanaba eliphezulu buvumela ezi zixhobo ukuba zigcine ukusebenza okuphezulu nangona zincitshisiwe zobukhulu bomzimba, zibandakanya itekhnoloji yokhuseleko oluntsonkothileyo ngaphakathi kwemilinganiselo encinci ebiyelweyo.
Ulawulo lwe-Thermal kunye nokuthembeka
Izikhuseli zesolar DC eziphucukileyo zibandakanya iinkqubo zolawulo lwe-thermal eziqinisekisa ukusebenza okufanayo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo. Ezi zixhobo zisebenzisa iitekhnoloji ezikhethekileyo zokulahla ubushushu, kubandakanywa iisinki zobushushu ezenziwe ngobunjineli obuchanekileyo, izixhobo eziqhuba i-thermal, kunye neesekethe ezikrelekrele zokujonga ubushushu. Iindlela zokulawula i-thermal zithintela ukunyuka kobushushu bangaphakathi ngexesha leziganeko zotyando, ukugcina ingqibelelo yesixhobo kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza. Ezinye iimodeli eziphambili ziquka izinto ezizenzekelayo zokuqhawula i-thermal ezisebenza xa amaqondo obushushu angaphakathi edlula imida ekhuselekileyo yokusebenza, enika umaleko owongezelelweyo wokukhusela ngokuchasene nokungaphumeleli okubangelwa yi-thermal. Esi sicwangciso sibanzi se-thermal siqinisekisa ukuba abakhuseli botyando banokugcina ukusebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kuwo wonke umahluko ogqithisileyo wobushushu obufunyenwe kufakelo lwelanga, ukusuka kwindawo etshisayo yasentlango ukuya kwimimandla ebandayo yeentaba.
Ukuqukumbela
Izikhuseli zokunyuka kwe-DCimele isisombululo esibalulekileyo sobuchwephesha ekukhuseleni iziseko zesolar photovoltaic ngokuchasene nokungaqiniseki kombane. Ngokudibanisa ubugcisa be-semiconductor obuphambili, ubunjineli obuchanekileyo, kunye nezicwangciso zokukhusela ezibanzi, ezi zixhobo ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokuphila ixesha elide kweenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo. Njengoko amandla elanga eqhubeka nokudlala indima ekhulayo ekuveliseni amandla ehlabathi, ukhuseleko oluluqilima lwelanga luba lubalulekileyo. Utyalo-mali kwizikhuseli zesolar ze-DC ezikumgangatho ophezulu ayisiyongqwalasela nje yobugcisa kodwa yindlela yobuchule yokugcina ukuqhubeka nokusebenza, ukuthintela ukusilela kwezixhobo ezibiza imali eninzi, kunye nokuxhasa inguqu yamandla ezinzileyo kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala, yorhwebo, kunye nofakelo oluluncedo lwelanga.
Qhagamshelana nathi
